Laser vision correction

Laser vision correction has become one of the most popular and effective methods of eliminating various types of vision defects. The absence of frames and contact lenses, the ability to see clearly without the aid of aids - all this makes laser correction the most attractive choice for many people suffering from myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and other vision problems.

Laser eye surgery uses advanced technology to accurately and safely reshape the cornea. This is necessary to correct the refractive power and, therefore, improve the quality of vision. The operation is performed using high-precision lasers that modify the ocular tissue with minimal risks and complications for the patient.

However, given the specifics and cost of this operation, it will certainly be useful for many people suffering from ophthalmological diseases to know the benefits and possible risks associated with the procedure. We will also look at how to choose the right specialist and prepare for surgery to achieve the best results.

What is laser vision correction and in what cases is it performed?

Laser vision correction, also known as laser refractive surgery, is a modern procedure that uses laser equipment to correct vision problems and eliminate dependence on glasses or contact lenses. The main goal of laser vision correction is to reshape the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye, to allow light to focus precisely on the retina.

This is achieved by removing microscopic layers of tissue from the cornea using a laser beam, which changes its curvature and therefore improves the focusing of light. The procedure allows patients to eliminate the need to wear glasses or contact lenses, improving the quality of their vision.

Indications for the operation:

1. Myopia (myopia). This is a condition in which a person has difficulty focusing on distant objects due to excessive focusing of light in front of the retina. Laser vision correction can reshape the cornea so that light is focused on the retina, improving distance vision.
2. Farsightedness (hyperopia). Condition in which a person has difficulty seeing nearby objects clearly, usually due to refractive problems. The operation allows you to correct the disease and in just 1 procedure.
3. Astigmatism. A vision disorder in which the cornea or lens of the eye is asymmetrical or irregularly shaped. This results in a distorted focusing of light on the retina of the eye, which in turn results in blurry and distorted images at both close range and distance.

Laser vision correction is considered a safe and effective procedure for correcting almost all vision defects. However, before deciding to undergo the procedure, it is imperative to undergo a thorough eye exam and consult an experienced ophthalmologist to determine the appropriate method, evaluate the possible risks and benefits for each specific case.

When is laser vision correction recommended?

Laser vision correction, also known as laser refractive surgery, may be recommended in the following major cases:

1. Intolerance to contact lenses. If a patient has difficulty wearing contact lenses or they are causing various problems, including discomfort, allergic reactions, or damage to the cornea, laser correction may be recommended as an alternative to vision correction.
2. Profession or type of activity. Many professions require excellent vision where it is not possible to wear glasses or contact lenses: airline pilots, military personnel, athletes or firefighters. Laser correction may be recommended to improve vision and ensure independence from correction aids.
3. Myopia (from -1 to -15 diopters), hyperopia (from +3 diopters) and astigmatism (up to +5 diopters). Corrective surgery can improve near vision and eliminate the need to wear glasses or contact lenses for near work.

Laser correction can also be effective for correcting astigmatism, which can be severe and reach values up to +5 diopters. Patients with astigmatism may experience blurred vision and distortion, and laser correction can help correct these problems.

Types of vision correction surgeries performed

Experts note various procedures and methods designed to improve the vision of people with certain problems or defects of the visual system. However, if we talk about operations, these can be divided into 2 large categories:

1. LASIK (Karetomileusis assisted in situ). One of the most common laser vision correction procedures, the surgeon creates a thin flap-shaped peel on the cornea, then lifts it to reveal the depth of the correction and uses a laser to remove a thin layer of corneal tissue. The valve is then snapped back into place, ensuring quick healing and minimal pain.
2. PRK (photorefractive keratectomy). An alternative surgical option to restore clarity of vision in which the surface layer of the cornea is completely removed and the laser is applied directly to the exposed surface. After the procedure, the cornea heals on its own, although it takes time to restore vision.

However, before making the final decision to undergo vision correction surgery, you should consult an experienced eye doctor. This allows you to correctly assess the situation and choose the most appropriate method, taking into account the characteristics of the visual system and the wishes of a particular patient.

Contraindications to laser vision correction

In general, laser vision correction is considered a safe and effective procedure for many people who suffer from certain types of refractive diseases. However, it is important to remember that there are also a number of contraindications that may make this procedure unsafe for some patients. The main contraindications for laser vision correction include:

1. Minor age. Laser vision correction is not recommended for children and adolescents because their eyes are still developing.
2. Pregnancy and breastfeeding. During this period, women may experience changes in visual acuity, so it is recommended to postpone the procedure until the end of breastfeeding.
3. Refractive change. Laser correction is not recommended for patients with active changes in clarity due to conditions such as diabetic retinopathy or glaucoma.
4. Physical damage to the cornea. If a patient has scars, ulcers, or other corneal irregularities, laser correction may not be an appropriate or safe procedure.
5. Dry eyes. Patients who frequently experience a burning sensation in the eyes may experience worsening symptoms after laser vision correction treatment.
6. Corneal diseases. Laser vision correction is not recommended for patients with conditions such as keratoconus or corneal dystrophy.
7. Problems with the back of the eye. Patients with certain fundus diseases, including macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy, may have restrictions on surgery.
8. Autoimmune diseases. People with autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or Sjogren's syndrome) may have a higher risk of complications after laser surgery.
9. Eye infections or inflammation. If active eye infections, inflammatory processes or conjunctivitis are present, it is recommended to postpone laser correction until complete recovery.
10. Taking some medications. Some drugs that act on the immune system can also influence the healing process after laser correction, so their use could represent a contraindication.

The list of contraindications may vary depending on the individual characteristics of the patient and the doctor's recommendations. Before undergoing laser vision correction, it is necessary to undergo a thorough examination and a consultation with a specialist to evaluate any contraindications of the patient and decide on the possibility of the procedure.

How laser vision correction works: stages of the intervention

Most commonly, eye surgeons perform LASIK, which can help improve the vision of people who are nearsighted (myopia), farsighted (hyperopia), or astigmatic. Here are the main phases of the LASIK procedure:

1. Preliminary exam. Before surgery, the patient must undergo a preliminary eye examination, which includes measuring vision, checking the shape of the cornea, its thickness and the general condition of the eyes.
2. Anesthesia. Before the operation begins, the patient's eyes are numbed with drip anesthesia.
3. Creation of the corneal valve. The surgeon creates a small valve in the cornea using a mechanical or laser device. The microkeratome method or the femtosecond laser can be used to create the valve.
4. Vision correction. After creating the corneal valve, the doctor uses an excimer laser to remove a thin layer of corneal tissue. This changes shape to correct the vision error. In case of myopia, the center of the cornea is made flat, while in case of hyperopia it is made steeper. To correct astigmatism, the shape of the cornea is changed accordingly.
5. Valve closing. Once the vision correction is complete, the surgeon carefully closes the created corneal valve. It usually repairs itself without the need for stitches.

Once the operation is completed, the patient is advised to rest and avoid eye strain, as vision may be blurry or blurry for several hours, but in most cases everything returns quickly.

Benefits of laser vision correction

Recently, more and more people decide to restore their vision using laser correction. Here are the advantages:

1. High efficiency. Laser vision correction is one of the most successful vision correction methods today, as this procedure allows people to significantly improve their vision.
2. Fast recovery. After laser correction, most patients notice very rapid vision restoration. Within a few days of surgery they can return to daily activities and even start driving again.
3. Eliminate the inconvenience of contact lenses and glasses. The procedure allows people to eliminate the need to wear glasses, which is especially convenient for people who play sports or lead an active lifestyle.
4. Duration of the result obtained. In most cases, the results of laser vision correction are stable and long-lasting. After the procedure, many patients achieve stable vision, and some do not even require further correction.
5. Personalized approach in reliable clinics. Modern laser vision correction technologies allow procedures with a high degree of customization. Doctors use advanced equipment to create an accurate map of the cornea and analyze other factors tailored to each patient. This allows for maximum precision and results that best suit the needs of each individual.
6. Comfort and convenience. After laser vision correction, patients no longer have to worry about carrying glasses or contact lenses with them all the time. This brings considerable convenience and comfort to everyday life.
7. Wide range of fixes. Laser vision correction can be used to correct various types of refractive errors, such as nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism. This means that most people with these vision problems may be candidates for this procedure.
8. Speed. Laser vision correction itself usually takes only a few minutes per eye. This is a very fast process that allows patients to quickly achieve the desired results and return to their normal activities.
9. Low risk of complications. Modern laser vision correction procedures have a low risk of complications. Thanks to technological advances and the experience of doctors, complications are unlikely to occur and most patients achieve safe and positive results.

Laser vision correction can significantly improve patients' quality of life. The ability to see clearly without the aid of glasses or contact lenses gives greater independence and freedom in daily life, improves confidence and promotes an active lifestyle. Overall, laser vision correction offers many unique benefits, including high efficiency, fast recovery, and no contact lens inconvenience.

Without a doubt, laser vision correction has become a real breakthrough in the field of ophthalmology, helping millions of people around the world to free themselves from dependence on glasses and contact lenses. However, before deciding on such a serious procedure, it is important to familiarize yourself with its features, risks and potential benefits. Only then can you make an informed decision and increase your chances of having clear, comfortable vision for many years to come.